Oklahoma operates as a constitutional republic under the Oklahoma Constitution.
- **Executive:** The government is headed by a Governor, elected to a four-year term. - **Legislative:** A bicameral legislature consists of the Oklahoma State Senate (48 members) and the Oklahoma House of Representatives (101 members). The state leans heavily conservative, with the Republican Party currently holding supermajorities in both chambers. - **Judicial:** Oklahoma is one of only two states (along with Texas) to have a bifurcated highest court: the Oklahoma Supreme Court hears civil cases, while the Oklahoma Court of Criminal Appeals serves as the court of last resort for criminal matters. - **Tribal Nations:** Uniquely, 39 federally recognized Native American tribes operate as sovereign nations within the state. They manage their own executive, legislative, and judicial branches, and partner with the state on issues like law enforcement, infrastructure, and gaming.