Edmond is located in central Oklahoma, situated in the transition zone between the drier Great Plains to the west and the wetter forested regions to the east. This ecological region, known as the Cross Timbers, is characterized by a mix of prairie grasslands and dense patches of oak and hickory trees. The city's landscape features the iconic, iron-rich red dirt that is synonymous with much of Oklahoma.
A defining geographical feature of the area is Arcadia Lake, located on the eastern edge of the city. Constructed in the 1980s by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for flood control, water supply, and recreation, the lake is fed by the Deep Fork River. The terrain in and around Edmond is generally gently rolling, with abundant green spaces, creeks, and urban forest canopies preserving the area's natural Cross Timbers aesthetic.