Taiwan has a population of approximately 23.5 million people. The population density is among the highest in the world, with the vast majority concentrated along the western coastal corridor.
Demographically, Taiwan is facing a rapidly aging population and one of the lowest birth rates globally, placing it on track to become a "super-aged society."
The ethnic composition is predominantly Han Chinese (around 95%), which is often culturally sub-divided into Hoklo, Hakka, and "Waishengren" (those who arrived post-1945). Taiwan's indigenous peoples, comprising 16 officially recognized tribes, make up about 2.5% of the population.
Freedom of religion is absolute; Buddhism, Taoism, and traditional folk religions are the most widely practiced, often blending together in daily life. Christianity and Islam also have significant followings. Education levels are exceptionally high, with a large percentage of the workforce holding tertiary degrees.