Taiwan (officially the Republic of China) operates as a unitary semi-presidential constitutional republic. The political system is divided into five branches (Yuans): the Executive, Legislative, Judicial, Examination, and Control Yuans.
The President is the head of state and commander-in-chief, elected directly by popular vote for a four-year term (limited to two consecutive terms). The President appoints the Premier, who heads the Executive Yuan (the cabinet) and manages the day-to-day government operations. The Legislative Yuan serves as the unicameral parliament.
Taiwan's democracy is vibrant and highly competitive, largely dominated by two major political camps: the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) and the Kuomintang (KMT), alongside growing third parties like the Taiwan People's Party (TPP). The government provides robust public services, most notably the National Health Insurance (NHI) system, which offers affordable, high-quality healthcare to all citizens and permanent residents.
