The history of the Museums precinct is inextricably linked to the development of Cinnamon Gardens and British colonial rule in Sri Lanka (then Ceylon). Originally, the surrounding area was a massive cinnamon plantation spanning over 280 acres, cultivated during the Dutch and early British periods.
In the late 19th century, as Colombo expanded, the plantation was cleared to make way for grand civic institutions and elite residences. The crowning achievement of this redevelopment was the establishment of the Colombo National Museum. Founded by Sir William Henry Gregory, the British Governor of Ceylon, the museum opened to the public on January 1, 1877. The building was designed by J.G. Smither, the architect of the Public Works Department, and was modeled after Italian palazzos.
Throughout the 20th century, the precinct evolved into the intellectual heart of the city. The museum's collection grew to include the regalia of the Kandyan Kings, ancient Sinhalese artifacts, and an extensive library. Post-independence in 1948, the area maintained its status, transitioning from a symbol of colonial administration to a celebration of sovereign Sri Lankan heritage and identity.