The republic's hydrology belongs to the Caspian Sea basin, defined by fast-flowing, glacially fed mountain rivers.
* **Sunzha River:** The most significant river in the republic, flowing through major settlements including Nazran and Magas. * **Assa River:** A major tributary of the Sunzha, the Assa carves through the spectacular Assinsky Gorge, providing crucial irrigation and supporting local ecosystems. * **Armkhi River:** A mountain river in the southern district, known for its rapid currents and the nearby Lyazhgi waterfall, a popular spot for eco-tourists.