Iran features an extensive and highly developed transportation network. The country is connected by thousands of kilometers of paved roads and modern highways, making intercity bus travel a very popular, affordable, and high-quality option.
The railway system, operated by the Islamic Republic of Iran Railways, connects major cities and industrial centers, with strategic links to neighboring countries. Urban public transit is improving rapidly; Tehran boasts an extensive, efficient, and clean metro system, with subway and light rail networks also operating or expanding in Mashhad, Isfahan, Shiraz, and Tabriz.
Aviation is centered around Tehran's Imam Khomeini International Airport (IKA) for international flights and Mehrabad Airport for domestic routes. Despite sanctions affecting fleet renewals, several domestic airlines operate vast internal networks. Southern ports like Bandar Abbas and Chabahar are critical nodes for international maritime trade.