Industries

* **Oil and Gas:** The lifeblood of the economy; Iran holds some of the world's largest proven reserves of crude oil and natural gas. * **Petrochemicals:** A major downstream industry producing fertilizers, plastics, and chemicals for both domestic use and export. * **Automotive:** The largest industry after oil and gas, producing millions of cars and commercial vehicles annually, primarily for the domestic market. * **Mining and Metals:** A robust sector extracting and processing copper, iron ore, zinc, and producing steel and aluminum. * **Agriculture and Food Processing:** Crucial for domestic food security and renowned for export items like saffron, pistachios, and caviar. * **Textiles and Carpets:** Deeply rooted in Persian culture, hand-woven Iranian carpets are internationally famous, supported by a broader textile industry. * **Pharmaceuticals and Healthcare:** A rapidly growing sector driven by the need for self-sufficiency due to international sanctions.