Tehran Province is governed under the administrative framework of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The executive branch of the province is headed by a Governor-General (Ostandar), who is appointed by the Minister of Interior and approved by the national cabinet. The Governor-General is responsible for coordinating state agencies, maintaining public order, and overseeing economic development.
The province is subdivided into 16 counties (Shahrestans), which include Tehran, Ray, Shemiranat, Eslamshahr, Damavand, Firuzkuh, Pakdasht, Varamin, and others. Each county is governed by a local governor (Farmandar). Below the county level, there are districts (Bakhsh) and municipalities (Shahr).
Politically, the province holds immense weight in the national parliament (Islamic Consultative Assembly). The electoral district of Tehran, Ray, Shemiranat, Eslamshahr and Pardis alone returns 30 members to the parliament, making it the most critical bloc in national elections. Municipal councils, elected by popular vote, oversee city management, with the Islamic City Council of Tehran being the most powerful, responsible for selecting the Mayor of Tehran.
