Fars Province is administered as one of the 31 provinces of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The provincial government is headed by a Governor-General (Ostandar), who is appointed by the Minister of Interior and approved by the national cabinet. The capital and administrative seat is located in Shiraz.
The province is subdivided into more than 36 counties (*shahrestans*), which are further divided into districts (*bakhsh*), cities (*shahr*), and rural districts (*dehestan*). Major counties include Shiraz, Marvdasht, Kazerun, Fasa, Jahrom, and Larestan.
Residents of Fars elect representatives to the Islamic Consultative Assembly (the national parliament, or Majlis) based on their electoral districts. Local governance within cities is managed by elected City Councils, which in turn appoint local mayors responsible for municipal services, urban development, and public works.