Indonesia's healthcare landscape consists of a mix of public and private providers. The country operates a universal healthcare program known as **BPJS Kesehatan**, which aims to provide accessible medical coverage to all citizens.
* **Public Hospitals:** The national referral hospital is the **Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central Public Hospital (RSCM)** in Jakarta. Each province and regency operates Regional Public Hospitals (RSUD). * **Private Healthcare:** The private sector is robust, particularly in urban centers. Leading private hospital networks include **Siloam Hospitals**, **Mitra Keluarga**, **Pondok Indah Hospital Group**, and **Mayapada Hospitals**. * **Primary Care:** Community health centers known as *Puskesmas* serve as the frontline of public health, especially in rural and remote island regions. * **Pharmacies:** Widespread pharmacy chains include **Kimia Farma** (state-owned), **K-24**, and **Guardian**.
While urban centers like Jakarta and Surabaya offer world-class medical facilities, ensuring equitable healthcare access across the country's thousands of islands remains a primary focus for the government.