India's healthcare framework operates through a complex mix of public and private sectors. The public system is heavily subsidized and spearheaded by initiatives like **Ayushman Bharat**, the world's largest government-funded healthcare program aimed at providing coverage to low-income earners. The private sector is robust and handles a significant majority of secondary and tertiary care.
* **Major Hospitals:** All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS - nationwide branches), Apollo Hospitals, Fortis Healthcare, Tata Memorial Hospital (leading cancer care), and Christian Medical College (CMC) Vellore. * **Pharmacies:** National chains like Apollo Pharmacy and MedPlus operate alongside a vast network of local, independent chemists. * **Mental Health:** Regulated under the Mental Healthcare Act of 2017. Prominent institutions include NIMHANS (National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences) in Bengaluru.