India is a federal parliamentary constitutional republic. The President of India serves as the ceremonial Head of State, while the Prime Minister is the Head of Government and holds the primary executive power. The bicameral parliament consists of the Rajya Sabha (Council of States), which represents the states and union territories, and the Lok Sabha (House of the People), whose members are directly elected by the populace.
Administratively, the country is divided into 28 states and 8 union territories, each with its own elected government (in the case of states and some territories) headed by a Chief Minister. The political landscape is robust, characterized by a multi-party system with major national parties like the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and the Indian National Congress (INC), as well as numerous powerful regional parties.