Healthcare in Bhutan is deeply intertwined with the country's guiding philosophy of Gross National Happiness (GNH). The constitution mandates free basic public healthcare for all citizens.
* **Major Hospitals:** The Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital (JDWNRH) in the capital, Thimphu, is the country's premier medical facility, offering advanced care and specialist services. Regional referral hospitals operate in Mongar (east) and Gelephu (south). * **Community Care:** A network of Basic Health Units (BHUs) and outreach clinics ensures medical access in remote, mountainous regions. * **Traditional Medicine:** Bhutan uniquely integrates modern allopathic medicine with traditional practices. The Faculty of Traditional Medicine in Thimphu provides therapies based on indigenous Tibetan-Buddhist medical systems (Sowa Rigpa), which are available alongside conventional treatments in district hospitals. * **Mental Health:** While historically reliant on community and family support, mental health services are expanding, spearheaded by initiatives at JDWNRH and various royal patronages.