Bhutan's economy is highly dependent on a few key sectors, with a heavy emphasis on sustainability and environmental conservation.
* **Hydropower:** The generation and export of hydroelectric power to neighboring India is the backbone of the Bhutanese economy, driving industrial growth and government revenue. * **Agriculture and Forestry:** A majority of the population is engaged in subsistence farming, cultivating crops like red rice, maize, and apples. The forestry sector is strictly managed, as the constitution requires 60% of the country to remain under forest cover. * **Tourism:** Operating on a 'High Value, Low Volume' (now 'High Value, Low Impact') model, tourism is a vital source of foreign exchange, managed through a Sustainable Development Fee (SDF) applied to international visitors. * **Druk Holding and Investments (DHI):** The commercial arm of the Royal Government, DHI manages state-owned enterprises across telecommunications, banking, aviation, and manufacturing.