Transportation in Thimphu relies almost entirely on the road network. The city is connected to Paro International Airport (approximately 54 km or a one-hour drive away) and the Indian border city of Phuentsholing via well-paved national highways. The four-lane Babesa-Thimphu Expressway serves as the main southern artery into the city.
Within Thimphu, public transportation is provided by the Thimphu City Bus service, which has modernized in recent years with smart cards and expanded routes. Taxis are ubiquitous and serve as a primary mode of transit for many residents. Thimphu is famously devoid of traffic lights; junctions are managed by traffic circles or police officers. The city is also developing better pedestrian footpaths, though steep terrain limits widespread bicycle commuting.