The infrastructure of New South Wales is modern and highly developed.
**Electricity:** The state's power grid is historically reliant on large coal-fired power stations in the Hunter and Illawarra regions. However, NSW is undergoing a massive transition, investing heavily in Renewable Energy Zones (solar and wind) and the Snowy 2.0 pumped hydro expansion to replace retiring coal plants.
**Water:** Water management is a critical issue due to drought cycles. Sydney's water is supplied primarily by the massive Warragamba Dam, supplemented by a coastal desalination plant. Regional areas rely on a mix of river systems, dams, and groundwater bores.
**Telecommunications:** Internet access is provided via the National Broadband Network (NBN), offering fiber and fixed-wireless connections. Cellular coverage (4G and 5G) is exceptional in coastal and metropolitan areas but can become patchy or non-existent in remote parts of the Outback.